Original Research
Tuesday, October 15, 2024
08:30 AM–10:00 AM
Abstract
Introduction: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a significant clinical concern, contributing to morbidity and mortality. With the advent of COVID-19, various medications were repurposed to bridge treatment gaps. However, the increased use of these drugs has been associated with a rise in ADRs. This study aimed to identify the types, rates, and risk factors of ADRs in medications used for COVID-19 management.
Research Question or Hypothesis: The study was conducted to determine whether the use of COVID-19 antiviral medications is associated with an increased incidence of adverse drug reactions and to identify the contributing risk factors.
Study Design: An observational retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary medical center. The study period was from March 2nd to December 27th, 2020.
Methods: Data were collected from hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were prescribed antiviral medications and reported ADRs. The study included adults hospitalized for more than 48 hours. Data extraction was performed by trained pharmacy interns, and inconsistencies were reviewed. The Naranjo ADR Probability Scale was used to assess the causality of ADRs. Statistical analyses, including paired and independent sample T-tests and chi-square tests, were conducted using SPSS.
Results: The study included 462 patients, with 275 in the ADR group and 187 in the non-ADR group. The ADR group had a higher prevalence of comorbidities (61.9%) and severe COVID-19 cases (67.9%). Patients in the ADR group had longer hospital stays (mean = 17.07 days) compared to the non-ADR group (mean = 13.22 days) and higher ICU admission rates (46.2% vs. 27.9%). The ADR group also exhibited higher mortality rates (10.5% vs. 6.5%), although this difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The use of COVID-19 antiviral medications significantly increases the risk of adverse drug reactions, leading to longer hospital stays and higher ICU admissions. This highlights the need for strict pharmacovigilance to manage these medications and ensure patient safety.
Presenting Author
Heba Al Recheq Pharm D ,BCPS,BCIDPKing Abdulla Medical City
Authors
Abdulhamid Althagafi Pharm.D.
king Abdulaziz University
Foud Bahamdain PharmD
King Abdulla Medical City
Lina Bin Attash PharmD,MSc
King Abdulla Medical City
Noha El-Bassiouny PharmD
Damanhour university
Mohamed Eltantawi B.pharm., PgDip, BCCCP, CPHQ
King Abdulla Medical City
Rehab Samour B. pharm ,BCNSP
King Abdulla Medical City
Ayah Ziyada PharmD
Hamad Medical Corporation