Students Research in Progress
Saturday, October 12, 2024
11:30 AM–01:00 PM
Abstract
Introduction:
The pandemic has an impact on antimicrobial usage patterns and bacterial resistance dynamics within healthcare settings. The CDC and Prevention reported that hospital-acquired infections and related fatalities rose by a minimum of 15% at the initial year of pandemic. In a community hospital, increased numbers of MDR bacteria have been observed. However, few literatures report the relationship between trends in antimicrobial prescriptions and MDR bacteria numbers over COVID.
Research Question or Hypothesis: What is the correlation between trends in antimicrobial prescribing and prevalence of MDR bacteria in a community hospital?
Study Design: Retrospective review
Methods: The duration of therapy in 1000 patient days (DOT) of antibiotics in 2019 to 2023 were collected through VigiLanz. The number of multi-drug resistant organisms were collected and reviewed including MRSA, Vancomycin resistant Enterococci, MDR-Acinetobacter baumannii(AB), MDR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PSA), ESBL producing Enterobacterales, and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales(CRE). IRB#2019-68AHGL
Results: While the overall DOT of antibiotics, decreased during the first year of the pandemic [819(2019) to 744(2020)], those of ceftriaxone, azithromycin, and doxycycline increased by 14%, 38%, and 20%, respectively; Decrease in DOT continued to 593 in 2023. The total number of MDR bacteria has decreased [748(2019) to 583(2020)] but increased to 797(2023). Gradual increases in ESBL Enterobacterales [271(2020) to 355(2022)] were noticed, which led to the increase in meropenem DOT [26(2020) to 47(2022)] as well as significant increases in MDR-PSA, MDR-AB, and CRE [29(2020) to 56(2023)]. However, it should be noted that gradual decreases of DOTs have been observed in all other antimicrobials [744(2020) to 593(2023)].
Conclusion: During the first year of the pandemic, increases in prescribing ceftriaxone, azithromycin, and doxycycline have been observed, which followed with increase in ESBL Enterobacterales that led to the increase in prescribing meropenem, as well as increases of MDR-PSA, MDR-AB, and CRE in a community hospital.
Presenting Author
James Ricketts PharmD Candidate 2025West Coast University
Authors
Delia Duenas-Hernandez PharmD
Adventist Health Glendale
Romic Eskandarian PharmD
Adventist Health Glendale
Su Lee Pharm.D., BCPS, BCIDP
West Coast University School of Pharmacy
Elizabeth Maslow M.D.
Adventist Health Glendale