Students Research in Progress
Tuesday, October 15, 2024
08:30 AM–10:00 AM
Abstract
Introduction: Prophylactic antibiotics are vital in reducing surgical site infections (SSIs) in orthopedic surgeries. Optimal timing and duration of prophylaxis are essential for reducing resistance and maximizing efficacy. Guideline violations can result in less-than-ideal results, higher infection rates, and antibiotic resistance.
Research Question or Hypothesis: What is the impact of irrational pre-surgical prophylactic antibiotic use?
Study Design: Prospective Observational Study
Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in South India. Data on pre-surgical prophylaxis in orthopedic patients was collected to assess adherence to guidelines. Data included timing and duration, culture sensitivity and resistance patterns. Analysis was done using SPSS.
Results: Out of 306 patients, 267 received antibiotic prophylaxis. Mean age was 43 ± 17.3 years and majority were male patients (61.8%). Preoperative prophylaxis was administered 31-60 minutes prior to surgery in only 31.83% of patients. Single-dose was administered in 16.10% of cases whereas antibiotics were continued for more than 24 hours post surgery in 77.15%. The average length of stay was 13 days. The most prevalent organism was Staphylococcus aureus (25.4%), followed by Escherichia coli (22.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.0%). The resistance patterns included Extend Spectrum Beta Lactamase (23.6%), Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Organisms (19.9%), Extensive Drug Resistance (18.2%), and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (12.7%).
| Time of Preoperative Prophylaxis |
1-15minutes Before Surgery |
16-30minutes Before Surgery |
31minutes-1hour Before Surgery |
More than 1hour Before Surgery |
| Percentage |
22.09% |
36.32% |
31.83% |
9.73% |
Conclusion: Majority of patients received extended prophylaxis beyond 24 hours, contrary to guidelines. The findings underscore the need for greater adherence to prophylactic practices in an effort to reduce SSIs and the unnecessary use of antibiotics in general practice to help combat antibiotic resistance. Focused education of healthcare professionals and routine audits can improve compliance with protocols for antibiotic administration prior to orthopedic surgeries.
Presenting Author
Thirumalesh V Pharm DSRM MCH & RC
Authors
Mercy S Pharm D
SRM MCH & RC