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PSAP 2026 Book 2 (Critical Care/Emergency Medicine)

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The successful pharmacologic management of critically ill and emergency medicine patients requires an evidence-based, practice-focused perspective. The latest release of ACCP’s popular Pharmacotherapy Self-Assessment Program provides comprehensive clinical insights and updates relevant to acute care practice across high-risk, rapidly evolving therapeutic areas.

The target audience for PSAP 2026 Book 2 (Critical Care and Emergency Medicine) includes board-certified pharmacotherapy specialists (BCPS) and other advanced-practice pharmacists involved in the clinical management of patients in intensive care and emergency settings.

Critical Care and Emergency Medicine contains nine learning activities offering a total of 22.0 available continuing pharmacy education (CPE) credits. Each learning activity may be taken individually for CPE credit. The book content was developed under the leadership of Mahmoud Ammar, Pharm.D., MBA, FCCM, BCPS, BCCCP.

Continuing education activities in PSAP cover the most recent published data (past 3–5 years) on a specific therapeutic area or patient-care problem. Learning content is provided as an electronic book (interactive PDF) with high-level updates in up to three formats, as appropriate to the topic:

Traditional chapters review the latest published evidence on a therapeutic or practice-related topic
Case series deliver learning content in sections, with each section bookended by a sample case and its explained answer
Recorded webcasts provide learning content as a PowerPoint presentation, accessed as an MP4 file as well as a PDF of slides and transcribed narrative

Every PSAP release comes in two full-color online formats: (1) interactive PDFs you can save to your desktop or print; and (2) an e-media version you can view on an e-reader, tablet, iOS or Android smart phone. Learning elements are also provided in audio form (MP3 files) as the popular PSAP Audio Companion. For an additional fee, a limited number of one-color softbound print books can be added to these formats and shipped to your address.

All PSAP learning elements are fully referenced, with clickable hyperlinks to literature compilers such as PubMed. Other links provide ready access to clinical practice guidelines, official recommendations, and patient assessment tools. Graphic features focus on pivotal studies, patient care scenarios, and take-home points that can be readily integrated into clinical practice.

Release Date: May 15, 2026
BCPS Deadline: November 13, 2026

ACPE Deadline: May 15, 2029

MORE PRODUCTS IN THIS SERIES

Chapter: Pharmacokinetics in the Critically Ill Patient

This advanced activity is designed for the BCPS pharmacist working in ICU and acute care settings. It delivers evidence-based strategies for drug dosing, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), and management of complex drug interactions. Learners develop skills in optimizing pharmacotherapy during organ dysfunction and extracorporeal support (CRRT, ECMO), improving medication safety, dosing accuracy, and patient outcomes in high-acuity settings.

Chapter: Electrolyte Management and Acid-Base Disorders

This activity is designed to enhance clinical pharmacist performance in electrolyte management and acid-base disorders in critically ill patients. It offers evidence-based expertise in ABG interpretation, anion gap analysis, and differential diagnosis of complex acid-base imbalances, while strengthening skills in IV/oral electrolyte replacement strategies, pharmacotherapy decision-making, and patient safety optimization. Designed to improve clinical outcomes, medication management, and critical care competency, this resource equips pharmacists with practical tools to confidently manage high-risk electrolyte disturbances and deliver measurable improvements in patient care quality.

Chapter: Acute Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock

This high-level learning activity offers evidence-based training in acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock management. The information can be used to strengthen skills in hemodynamic monitoring, guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) optimization, diuretic strategies, and vasoactive pharmacotherapy. Through real-world application and clinical trial insights, pharmacists enhance critical care decision-making, improve medication management, and reduce readmissions and mortality. Ideal for pharmacists seeking advanced clinical training, ICU competency, and tools to improve patient outcomes in high-acuity cardiovascular care.

Chapter: Hematologic Emergencies

This comprehensive, evidence-based learning activity focuses on hematologic emergencies, including heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), thrombotic microangiopathies (TTP, aHUS), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Designed for the BCPS working in acute care and critical care settings, it strengthens competency in clinical decision-making, diagnostic scoring tools, and guideline-driven pharmacotherapy. Case-based content supports anticoagulation management, therapeutic plasma exchange considerations, and patient safety optimization—delivering practical strategies to improve patient outcomes, medication management, and clinical pharmacy practice performance.

Chapter: Pulmonary Disorders

Advance critical care pharmacy practice with this comprehensive, evidence-based learning program focused on pulmonary disorders, including asthma, COPD exacerbations, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Designed for clinical pharmacists, this training strengthens skills in ICU pharmacotherapy, guideline-based treatment algorithms (GINA, GOLD), respiratory failure management, and PAH medication optimization. Learners build expertise in drug selection, dosing, transitions of care, and medication safety to improve patient outcomes. Ideal for pharmacists seeking continuing education, clinical decision support tools, and advanced competencies in critical care and cardiopulmonary management.

Chapter: Acute Neurologic Emergencies

This high-impact, evidence-based learning activity on acute neurologic emergencies is designed for the BCPS clinical pharmacist. It delivers practical guidance on traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and status epilepticus, emphasizing guideline-driven pharmacotherapy, ICU management, and patient-specific treatment optimization. Enhance critical care decision-making, medication selection, and therapeutic monitoring to improve neurologic outcomes, reduce complications, and elevate patient care quality in fast-paced emergency and neurocritical care settings.

Chapter: Toxicology and Overdose

This evidence-based learning activity on toxicology and overdose management is designed for the BCPS in critical care and emergency medicine practice. It delivers guideline-driven pharmacotherapy, antidote dosing, and patient-specific treatment strategies for high-risk poisonings. Strengthen clinical decision-making, medication safety, and therapeutic monitoring while improving patient outcomes in acute care, ICU, and toxicology settings through advanced clinical pharmacy education.

Chapter: Critical Care in Pregnancy and Postpartum Emergencies

Improve your clinical pharmacist expertise in obstetric critical care with this evidence-based learning activity focused on pregnancy and postpartum emergencies. Gain practical skills in pharmacotherapy, medication safety, antimicrobial stewardship, and ICU management of conditions such as preeclampsia, sepsis, VTE, and postpartum hemorrhage. Strengthen clinical decision-making, interdisciplinary care, and therapeutic monitoring to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes and improve patient-centered care.

Chapter: Disaster Preparedness

Elevate clinical pharmacist readiness with this comprehensive disaster preparedness program focused on pharmacy operations, medication supply chain resilience, and patient safety during emergencies. Clinicians gain actionable skills in continuity of operations planning (COOP), EHR downtime protocols, drug shortage management, and incident command systems. This advanced training strengthens clinical decision-making, regulatory compliance, and interdisciplinary coordination to optimize patient outcomes and health system performance in high-risk scenarios.

Faculty

Rita M. Gayed, Pharm.D., FCCP, FCCM, BCCCP
Critical Care Pharmacist Specialist- Medical ICU
Orlando Health Regional Medical Center
Orlando, Florida

Reviewers

Kimberly E. Levasseur-Franklin, Pharm.D., FCCM, BCCCP
Clinical Pharmacist
UMass Memorial Medical Center
Worcester, Massachusetts
Director
Critical Care PGY2 Pharmacy Residency
Tufts Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts

Emily Keveryn, Pharm.D., BCPS
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Clinical Pharmacist
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Children’s of Mississippi Hospital
Jackson, Mississippi

Sarah M. Schepers, Pharm.D., BCPS
Clinical Pharmacy Coordinator
Inpatient Pharmacy Services
Indiana University Health Ball Memorial Hospital
Muncie, Indiana

Faculty

Ashley Hawthorne, Pharm.D., BCCCP
Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice
Auburn University Harrison College of Pharmacy
Mobile, Alabama

Reviewers

Carrie L. Griffiths, Pharm.D., FCCM, BCCCP
Emergency Medicine Clinical Pharmacist
W.G. (Bill) Hefner Salisbury VAMC
Salisbury, North Carolina

Michael C. Thomas, Pharm.D., FCCP, BCPS
Professor, Pharmacy Practice
Samford University McWhorter School of Pharmacy
Birmingham, Alabama

Jerika V. Nguy?n-Klatt, Pharm.D., BCPS, BCCCP
Clinical Pharmacist
Department of Pharmacy
Trinity Health
Field Medical Director
Hospital Patient Monitoring
Philips
Grand Rapids, Michigan

Jamilah E. Green, Pharm.D., BCPS
Clinical Pharmacist Specialist
Inpatient Pharmacy
Atrium Health University City
Charlotte, North Carolina

Faculty

	Andrew J. Johnson, Pharm.D., BCCP Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Cardiology Department of Pharmacy Ascension St. Vincent Indianapolis Indianapolis, Indiana
	Jack Pluenneke, Pharm.D., BCCP Clinical Pharmacist – Cardiac Intensive Care Unit Department of Pharmacy Saint Luke’s Hospital of Kansas City Kansas City, Missouri

Reviewers

Patrick M. Wieruszewski, Pharm.D., MSc, FCCM, BCCCP
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
Department of Anesthesiology
Assistant Professor of Pharmacy
Chairman of Clinical Pharmacy Research
Department of Pharmacy
Mayo Clinic
Rochester, Minnesota

Yassmeen Marzuq, Pharm.D., BCPS
Clinical Pharmacist Specialist
Department of Pharmacy
Boston Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts

Faculty

Kathryn E. Dane, Pharm.D., BCPS
Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Benign Hematology and Cardiology
Co-Director, Hemostatic and Antithrombotic Stewardship Program
Department of Pharmacy
The Johns Hopkins Hospital
Baltimore, Maryland

Reviewers

Gabriel V. Fontaine, Pharm.D., MBA, FNCS, FCCM, BCCCP, BCPS
Pharmacy Manager
Clinical Pharmacist
Associate Professor – Neurosciences, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine
Department of Pharmacy
Intermountain Health
Salt Lake City, Utah

Kenyu Tan, Pharm.D., BCACP, BCGP, BCPS
Antimicrobial Stewardship Pharmacist
Department of Pharmacy
Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore
Singapore, Singapore

Faculty

Brian J. Kopp, Pharm.D., FCCM, BCCCP, BCPS
Clinical Pharmacist Specialist
Department of Pharmacy
Banner – University Medical Center Tucson
Tucson, Arizona

Reviewers

Zachary Smith, Pharm.D., FCCP, FCCM, BCPS, BCCCP
Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Critical Care
Department of Pharmacy
Henry Ford Hospital
Detroit, Michigan

Jenana Maker, Pharm.D., BCPS
Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice
University of the Pacific Thomas J Long School of Pharmacy
Stockton, California

Brian Alexander, Pharm.D., BCPS
Clinical Pharmacist Specialist
Department of Pharmacy
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist – Lexington Medical Center
Lexington, North Carolina

Faculty

Andrew J. Webb, Pharm.D., BCCCP
Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Neurocritical Care
Department of Pharmacy
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts

Reviewers

Keaton S. Smetana, Pharm.D., MBA, FNCS, FCCM
Clinical Pharmacy Manager
PGY1 Pharmacy Residency Program Director
OhioHealth- Riverside Methodist Hospital
Columbus, Ohio

Brittney Bright, Pharm.D., BCPS
Clinical Pharmacy Specialist Internal Medicine
Department of Pharmacy
Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist
Winston-Salem, North Carolina

Eric Michael Kinney, Pharm.D., BCPS
Internal Medicine Clinical Pharmacy Specialist
Department of Pharmacy
WVU Medicine
Morgantown, West Virginia

Faculty

Kyle A. Weant, Pharm.D., FCCP, BCPS, BCCCP, BCEMP
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Biomedical Sciences
University of South Carolina School of Medicine Greenville
Greenville, South Carolina
Clinical Adjunct Professor
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcome Sciences
University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy
Columbia, South Carolina

Reviewers

Evan D. Zahn, Pharm.D., BCCCP, BCEMP
Senior Clinical Pharmacy Specialist, Emergency Medicine
Department of Pharmacy
Yale New Haven Hospital
New Haven, Connecticut

Ashley S. Brown, Pharm.D., BCPP, BCPS
Pharmacy Clinical Specialist
Department of Pharmacy
Department of Psychiatry
Cleveland Clinic, Marymount Hospital
Garfield Heights, Ohio

Cecilia Schowe, Pharm.D., MS, BCPS, BCEMP
Emergency Medicine Clinical Pharmacist
Department of Pharmacy
Corewell Health William Beaumont University Hospital
Royal Oak, Michigan

Faculty

	Nicole M. Moreno, Pharm.D., BCCCP, BCPS Clinical Assistant Professor Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration University of Missouri – Kansas City School of Pharmacy Springfield, Missouri
	Kylie N. Barnes, Pharm.D., FCCP, BCPS Director of Applied Skills Labs and OSCE Implementation Clinical Professor Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration University of Missouri – Kansas City School of Pharmacy Kansas City, Missouri

Reviewers

Michaelia D. Cucci, Pharm.D., BCPS, BCCCP
Pharmacy Clinical Specialist- Trauma/Surgical ICU
Department of Pharmacy
Cleveland Clinic Akron General
Akron, Ohio

Samantha P. Jellinek-Cohen, Pharm.D., BCPS
Associate Clinical Professor
Department of Pharmacy Practice
St. John’s University
Queens, New York
Clinical Pharmacist
NYC Health and Hospitals
South Brooklyn Health
Brooklyn, New York

Elizabeth A. Boucher, Pharm.D., BCPS, BCPPS
Clinical Pharmacist
Department of Pharmacy
Concord Hospital
Concord, New Hampshire

Faculty

	Jordan T. DeAngelis, Pharm.D., MS, BCPS, CHFP, 340B ACE Enterprise Director Pharmacy Business & System Services UVA Health Charlottesville, Virginia
	Mark L. Vestal, Pharm.D., BCPS Director, Pharmacy Supply Chain & 340B Department of Pharmacy UVA Health Charlottesville, Virginia

Reviewers

David E. Zimmerman, Pharm.D., FCCP, FASHP, BCCCP, BCEMP
Associate Professor of Pharmacy
Department of Pharmacy Practice
Duquesne University School of Pharmacy
Emergency Medicine Pharmacist
Department of Pharmacy
UPMC-Mercy Hospital
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Melissa Bash, Pharm.D., BCPS
Emergency Medicine Clinical Pharmacist
Department of Pharmacy
Elkhart General Hospital
Elkhart, Indiana

Brandon Bailey, Pharm.D., BCPS
System Pharmacy Clinical Coordinator
Department of Pharmacy
Sharp HealthCare
San Diego, California

The American College of Clinical Pharmacy is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education as a provider of continuing pharmacy education.

The American College of Clinical Pharmacy is approved by BPS as a provider for the recertification of BCPS.

BPS is an autonomous division of the American Pharmacists Association. To maintain its strict, independent standards for certification, BPS does NOT endorse or provide review information, preparatory courses, or study guides for board certification examinations. BPS, through its specialty councils, is responsible for specialty examination content, administration, scoring, and all other aspects of its certification programs. BPS is totally separate and distinct from ACCP. For information about BPS specialty recertification the BPS recertification process, go to: www.bpsweb.org/

To receive recertification credit, posttests must be submitted prior to the recertification posttest deadline (see above). Only completed tests are eligible for credit; no partial or incomplete tests will be processed. You may complete one or all available posttests for credit.

The passing point to earn recertification credit is based on an expert analysis of the assessment items in each posttest. Any posttest submitted before the recertification test deadline that meets this passing point will earn recertification credits. These credits will be assigned as of the date of test submission and reported within 48 hours to BPS. For statements of recertification credit, visit www.bpsweb.org.

In accordance with BPS guidelines concerning remediation for products launched in 2024 and after, posttests that do not reach the passing point for recertification credit will generate a second-chance test option. This test will automatically appear in the learner’s My Account page and will have assessment items presented in a different order. To qualify for recertification credit, the second-chance test must be submitted before the recertification deadline stated above.

The ACCP Recertification Dashboard is a free online tool that can track recertification credits as they are earned through ACCP and schedule new opportunities for credits from upcoming ACCP professional development programs. Questions regarding the number of hours required for recertification should be directed to BPS at www.bpsweb.org.

Target Audience: Board-certified pharmacotherapy specialists (BCPS) and other advanced-practice pharmacists involved in the clinical management of patients in intensive care and emergency settings.

Chapter: Pharmacokinetics in the Critically Ill Patient Activity Number: 0217-0000-26-064-H01-P Contact Hour(s): 2.50 Activity Type: Application BasedLearning Objectives Design patient-centered pharmacotherapy on the basis of pharmacokinetic (PK) alterations and organ dysfunction in the critically ill patient. Identify and manage clinically relevant PK drug-drug interactions in the ICU. Manage medication dosing in critically ill patients receiving extracorporeal support. Initiate and interpret therapeutic drug monitoring for clinically relevant medications in the ICU.
Chapter: Electrolyte Management and Acid-Base Disorders Activity Number: 0217-0000-26-065-H01-P Contact Hour(s): 2.50 Activity Type: Application BasedLearning Objectives Develop an appropriate assessment and treatment plan for common electrolyte disorders in critically ill patients. Using common calculations, correctly distinguish simple and mixed acid-base disorders on the basis of a patient’s laboratory data and clinical course. Develop an assessment and treatment plan for a critically ill patient with acid-base disorders.
Chapter: Acute Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock Activity Number: 0217-0000-26-066-H01-P Contact Hour(s): 3.00 Activity Type: Application BasedLearning Objectives Justify pharmacotherapy interventions as they pertain to the pathophysiology of acute heart failure (AHF). Evaluate for congestion using signs and symptoms, laboratory values, and invasive hemodynamic measurements for a patient with AHF. Design a therapy and monitoring plan for a patient with AHF and diuretic resistance. Develop a discharge pharmacotherapy and monitoring plan for a patient admitted with AHF. Apply patient-specific factors when choosing an evidence-based pharmacotherapy plan for patients in cardiogenic shock.
Chapter: Hematologic Emergencies Activity Number: 0217-0000-26-067-H01-P Contact Hour(s): 2.50 Activity Type: Application BasedLearning Objectives Evaluate the primary literature and guideline recommendations for the management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Develop evidence-based pharmacotherapy for the management of thrombotic microangiopathies. Assess contemporary evidence for the management of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Design a treatment plan for a patient experiencing a hematologic emergency.
Chapter: Pulmonary Disorders Activity Number: 0217-0000-26-068-H01-P Contact Hour(s): 3.00 Activity Type: Application BasedLearning Objectives Evaluate evidence-based criteria for ICU admission for patients with severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. Design therapeutic medication regimens for critically ill patients with severe asthma and COPD exacerbations. Develop a therapeutic plan for the initial treatment of a patient with acutely decompensated pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) who develops right ventricular heart failure. Construct a treatment plan for initiation or adjustment of PAH medications. Assess the role of the pharmacist during transitions between different routes of PAH medication administration.
Chapter: Acute Neurologic Emergencies Activity Number: 0217-0000-26-069-H01-P Contact Hour(s): 2.00 Activity Type: Application BasedLearning Objectives Classify the severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) to guide pharmacotherapy. Apply the current Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF) and Neurocritical Care Society (NCS) guidelines to the acute care of patients with varying severity of TBI. Develop an appropriate pharmacotherapeutic regimen to promote neurorecovery and rehabilitation for a patient with TBI or SCI. Construct an antiseizure medication (ASM) regimen for a patient in early, established, refractory, or super-refractory status epilepticus (SE). Justify the use of anesthetics and immunotherapy for refractory and super-refractory SE.
Chapter: Toxicology and Overdose Activity Number: 0217-0000-26-070-H01-P Contact Hour(s): 2.00 Activity Type: Application BasedLearning Objectives Distinguish among general approaches to overdose management, including stabilization, decontamination, and antidotal therapy. Demonstrate appropriate selection, dosing, and monitoring of antidotal therapy for various clinical presentations. Devise an evidence-based treatment plan, including antidotes and supportive therapies for β-blocker overdose. Design a comprehensive treatment approach for calcium channel blocker overdose, incorporating calcium supplementation and adjunctive therapies. Distinguish the pathophysiology, causative agents, and clinical features of serotonin syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Chapter: Critical Care in Pregnancy and Postpartum Emergencies Activity Number: 0217-0000-26-071-H01-P Contact Hour(s): 2.50 Activity Type: Application BasedLearning Objectives Evaluate unique considerations in the assessment and management of pregnant patients in the ICU, including maternal-fetal monitoring and medication safety. Describe physiologic and pharmacokinetic changes during pregnancy and the postpartum period that impact critical care pharmacotherapy. Evaluate the safety, efficacy, and teratogenic risks of critical care medications. Apply evidence-based pharmacotherapeutic principles to the management of critical illnesses in pregnant patients, including hypertensive disorders, cardiac arrest, VTE, maternal sepsis, endocrine emergencies, and hemorrhage. Develop interdisciplinary approaches to optimize outcomes in obstetric critical care, incorporating pharmacy-driven interventions and collaboration with maternal-fetal medicine, obstetrics, and critical care teams.
Chapter: Disaster Preparedness Activity Number: 0217-0000-26-072-H04-P Contact Hour(s): 2.00 Activity Type: Application BasedLearning Objectives Evaluate the foundational principles, regulatory expectations, and operational strategies that support pharmacy preparedness and continuity during emergencies. Analyze real-world pharmacy responses to emergencies and identify key operational successes and challenges. Design and evaluate integrated pharmacy supply chain and informatics strategies that ensure operational continuity and system resilience during emergencies and disasters. Construct post-crisis recovery strategies that include debriefing, staff support, and policy refinement.

The American College of Clinical Pharmacy does not solicit or accept external commercial/financial support for its continuing pharmacy education activities. No commercial/financial support has been solicited or accepted for this activity.

Disclosures

PSAP 2026 Book 2 (Critical Care/Emergency Medicine)