1. Assess a patient for the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk factors and diagnose a patient with COPD.

2. Develop a pharmacotherapeutic care plan for a patient with newly diagnosed COPD and revise a care plan for a patient already receiving treatment.

3. Apply recently approved pharmacotherapies for COPD to clinical situations.

4. Construct a pharmacotherapeutic care and monitoring plan for a patient experiencing an exacerbation of COPD.

1. Distinguish between latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active tuberculosis (TB) disease.

2. Apply knowledge of TB screening methods to interpret results accurately in the context of patient risk factors, Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination history, and epidemiologic exposure.

3. Identify common adverse drug events and drug-drug interactions associated with anti-tuberculosis therapies.

4. Apply recent updates to TB treatment guidelines to design an optimal treatment regimen and monitoring plan for patients with LTBI or active TB disease.

1. Evaluate the role of available therapies in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

2. Apply current guideline recommendations for appropriate use of monoclonal antibodies and vaccines for preventing RSV

3. Evaluate the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies and vaccines in the prevention of RSV infections

4. Design pharmacist-led initiatives to improve RSV prevention, education, and care coordination

1. Distinguish the differences in the physiologic mechanisms of obstructive and central sleep apneas.

2. Analyze the impact of sleep apnea on cardiovascular, metabolic, and respiratory health.

3. Classify the severity of a patient’s sleep apnea according to a polysomnogram or home sleep test.

4. Evaluate the effect of interventions such as sleep position, mandibular devices, positive airway pressure devices, and pharmacotherapy on the severity and outcomes of sleep apneas.

1. Design pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment for a patient with newly diagnosed, endoscopy-positive gastroesophageal reflux disease.

2. Using local clarithromycin resistance patterns, patient comorbid conditions, and patient allergies, design pharmacotherapy for a patient with peptic ulcer disease caused by Helicobacter pylori.

3. Evaluate the optimal duration of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy for a patient with a NSAID- or aspirin-induced gastric ulcer.

4. Assess a patient’s GI bleed risk based on patient-specific risk factors and concomitant medications to evaluate for the use of PPI prophylaxis.

5. Evaluate a patient’s candidacy for PPI de-escalation based on patient- and disease-specific variables.

1. Identify patient-specific therapeutic goals and recommend medical therapy for the treatment of alcohol use disorder.

2. Evaluate a patient with alcoholic hepatitis for treatment with prednisolone, and on the basis of a 7-day Lille score, recommend a treatment duration with steroid therapy.

3. Justify nonselective β-blocker therapy for primary prevention of variceal bleeding in the patient with cirrhosis.

4. Design both acute and long-term therapies after hospitalization for the patient with variceal bleeding.

5. Compare and contrast treatments for grade II/III ascites.

6. Justify the clinical benefits of albumin administration, and recommend antimicrobial therapy and secondary prophylaxis for the patient with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

7. Justify the addition of rifaximin to lactulose therapy for the treatment and prevention of hepatic encephalopathy.

1. Apply an understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology for GI bleeding (GIB) to patient care.

2. Assess patients for risk factors associated with the development and precipitation of GIB.

3. Evaluate the most recent guidelines for management and prevention of GIB according to etiology, location, and associated factors.

4. Evaluate available options to effectively manage acute GIB, and optimize treatment responses in the individual patient.

5. Design evidence-based therapy for individual patients for various types of GIB using recent and relevant clinical practice guidelines, reviews, and primary literature.

1. Evaluate the association between the challenges of nutrition support and the risks of malnutrition.

2. Develop energy and protein provision recommendations in accordance with current nutrition guideline recommendations.

3. Assess patient indications and formulations of enteral and parenteral nutrition for appropriate delivery of nutrition support.

4. Design a monitoring plan for a patient requiring nutrition support.

1. Distinguish between kidney, pancreas and liver transplant early (less than 1 year) and late complications.

2. Evaluate patients for long-term post-transplant complications and comorbidities encountered outside the primary transplant team.

3. Justify the role in therapy for immunosuppressants based on organ transplant type and time from transplant and implications for other therapies (eg, antimicrobials, vaccinations, obesity management).

4. Distinguish signs of patient nonadherence and develop a strategy to mitigate nonadherence to prevent graft loss.